External

Ektos in Greek, commonly translated as "external" or "outside," is a term used to describe things that exist outside of a particular context or sphere.

In philosophical discussions, especially within the Stoic framework, external(s) is employed to refer to factors or elements that lie beyond our direct control or influence. In Stoic philosophy, the distinction between what is internal and external is crucial : the Stoics emphasize that individuals should focus on what is within their control—such as their own thoughts, judgments, and actions—while recognizing that external factors—such as the behavior of others, external events, and environmental conditions—are beyond their direct control. By understanding and accepting this distinction, individuals can maintain their inner tranquility and moral integrity, regardless of external circumstances.

The concept of ektos highlights the importance of prioritizing internal responses and maintaining personal responsibility. By focusing on their own behavior and mindset, Stoics aim to achieve a sense of equanimity and resilience, regardless of the external challenges they may face.