At the beginning of the course, we have looked at "original impulse" (the beneficent will of nature) and the "accidental consequences" (the events that result from it). Today I'm talking about "particular providence".
~
Here the idea of special providence is summarized in one sentence:
What happens to you
good or bad
has been specially destined for you.
Accidental consequences are common to us all.
Particular providence is individual.
The gods (the embodiment of universal reason) 1 want certain things to happen to you, parallel to their original impulse. This means that a certain destiny will unfold in a way that is good for you. Certain events are destined for you and you must accept them by participating as an individual in the Whole.
— So you're telling me that the God you're talking about, this Universal Reason, decides what happens to me? I thought this was a program about stoicism, not a mystical worldview : /
— Yes, nature is omniscient. It decides everything.
If, at this stage of reading {{username}}, you become skeptical when you read these words that evoke in you an (overly) mystical or even religious vision, I'd advise you not to get too hung up on this. Here's my advice - and I'm running the risk of alienating the most purist among us, but I'll take that risk: You don't have to believe in or completely follow the idea of an all-knowing nature that decides everything. You're free to make your own decisions. You can choose what resonates for you in stoicism and leave the rest; and who knows, maybe later, like me, your view will change. I've never liked dogma and think we should choose what we want to believe in, so if these beliefs put you off, just leave them aside.
If it makes you feel better, I won't come back to it after this section, apart from a few references here and there.
On that note : ), I'll continue with my presentation:
According to the Stoic view,
the thousand facets that make up **your** life
can be so willed by universal providence
that each of them has a positive effect on the universe,
on the Whole.
~
Whatever its thousand facets, Stoicism encourages you to see the beauty of nature in everything and everywhere, as long as you develop your sensibility and strive to understand nature:
Here is {{username}} a complete text by Marcus Aurelius that exemplifies the very mindset he himself vows to cultivate in his Meditations:
“We must also observe closely points of this kind,
that even the secondary effects of Nature's processes possess a sort of grace and attraction.
To take one instance, bread when it is being baked breaks open at some places; now even these cracks, which in one way contradict the promise of the baker's art, somehow catch the eye and stimulate in a special way our appetite for the food. And again figs, when fully mature, gape, and in ripe olives their very approach to decay adds a certain beauty of its own to the fruit. Ears of corn too when they bend downwards, the lion's wrinkled brow, the foam flowing from the boar's mouth, and many other characteristics that are far from beautiful if we look at them in isolation, do nevertheless because they follow from Nature's processes lend those a further ornament and a fascination.
And so, if a man has a feeling for, and a deeper insight into the processes of the Universe, there is hardly one but will somehow appear to present itself pleasantly to him, even among mere attendant circumstances. Such a man also will feel no less pleasure in looking at the actual jaws of wild beasts than at the imitations which painters and sculptors exhibit, and he will be enabled to see in an old woman or an old man a kind of freshness and bloom, and to look upon the charms of his own boy slaves with sober eyes.
And many such experiences there will be, not convincing to every one but occurring to him and to him alone who has become genuinely familiar with Nature and her works.” 2
What is Marcus Aurelius saying here?
That all events, all creations, are beautiful because they are the result of a particular providence intended and designed for you, or an accidental consequence that serves a greater, universal purpose.
When you see things this way, you change your perspective: what used to seem hideous, repulsive or terrifying to you now seems beautiful to your eyes now that you know nature; it seems to belong to the same world as you, to come from the same and unique source.
In other words {{username}},
When you have this deep understanding of universal logic: that of the sacred connection that links // all //natural processes together,
you are armed like a sage
to recognize the beauty
in everything and everywhere,
for even the most repulsive things carry beauty within them. Being themselves an emanation of Universal Nature, you cannot see them as anything other than beautiful, beyond their initial appearance.
This is wisdom: accepting things for what they are.
~
Later we will look at “amor fati” (love of fate), which is not too far from today’s topic.